A biome is the grouping of ecological systems that share the same climatic (temperature, precipitation) and geographic (topography, altitude, among others) criteria and that preserves a common flora and fauna.

The limits of the four biomes of Peru was prepared by the Instituto del Bien Común, using as a reference the National Map of Ecosystems of Peru (MINAM, 2019) and the biome map proposed by Dinerstein et al, 2017 (https://ecoregions.appspot.com/).